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Preface
These extracts are intended to answer some simple questions about and to
confirm what state constitutions say on topics that are important to
this Plan. They are from the state's constitutional web site or the best
surrogate that could be found. They do not show the constitutions'
structures. Extraneous materials are usually excluded. They are not
intended as a definitive reference. The text has hyperlinks to the
original data. This preserves the information trail for anyone who
wishes to assess the conclusions drawn from these extracts and used
elsewhere in this web site. |
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- Green indicates that the
state explicitly recognizes the people as the source of the state
government's power.
- Brown
indicates certain explicit rights
of the people, specifically the right to pursue happiness, are protected by
the state government.
- Blue
indicates that the state explicitly recognizes that the people have the free
exercise of the right of suffrage.
-
Fuchsia indicates that
the state explicitly recognizes that the people have the right to change or alter government.
- Pink indicates that the state explicitly bases the definition of
rightful government on the general case of all governments.
- Yellow indicates text of
interest.
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That all men are equally free and independent; that they are endowed by their
Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and
the pursuit of happiness.…That
all political power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for
their benefit; and that,
therefore, they have at all times an inalienable and indefeasible right to
change their form of government in such manner as they may deem expedient.…The
privilege of suffrage shall be protected
by laws regulating elections, and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all
undue influences from power, bribery, tumult, or other improper conduct.
This constitution
is dedicated to the principles that all persons have a natural right to life,
liberty, the pursuit of happiness,
and the enjoyment of the rewards of their own industry; that all persons are
equal and entitled to equal rights, opportunities, and protection under the law;
and that all persons have corresponding obligations to the people and to the
State.…All political power is inherent in the people.
All government
originates with the people, is
founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for the
good of the
people as a whole.…The rights of
citizens of the United States to vote and hold office shall not be denied or
abridged by the state, or any political division or municipality thereof,
on account of sex, and the right to register, to vote and to hold office under
any law now in effect, or which may hereafter be enacted, is hereby extended to,
and conferred upon males and females alike.
All political power is inherent in the people, and
governments derive their just
powers from the consent
of the governed, and are established to protect and
maintain individual rights.…All elections shall be free and equal, and no
power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the
free exercise of the right of suffrage.
All men are created equally free and independent, and have certain inherent and
inalienable rights; amongst which are those of enjoying and defending life and
liberty; of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and reputation; and
of pursuing their own happiness. To secure these rights
governments are
instituted among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the
governed.…No power, civil or military,
shall ever interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage…
All people are by nature
free and independent and have inalienable rights. Among these are enjoying
and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and protecting property,
and pursuing and obtaining safety, happiness, and privacy.…The people have the
right to instruct their representatives, petition government for redress of
grievances, and assemble freely to consult for the common good.…The
privilege of free suffrage shall be
supported by laws regulating elections and prohibiting, under adequate
penalties, all undue influence thereon from power, bribery, tumult, or other
improper practice.
All political power is vested in and derived
from the people; all government, of
right, originates from the
people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for
the good of the
whole.…The people of this state have the
sole and exclusive right of governing themselves, as a free, sovereign and
independent state; and to alter and abolish their constitution and form of
government whenever they may deem it necessary to their safety and happiness,
provided, such change be not repugnant to the constitution of the United States.
All elections shall be free and open; and
no power, civil or military, shall at
any time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
All political power is inherent in the
people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for their benefit; and they have at all times
an undeniable and indefeasible right to alter their form of government in such
manner as they may think expedient.…Laws shall be made to
support the privilege of free suffrage…
Through Divine goodness, all people have by nature the rights of worshiping and
serving their Creator according to the dictates of their consciences, of
enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring and protecting reputation
and property, and in general of obtaining objects suitable to their condition,
without injury by one to another; and as these rights are essential to their
welfare, for due exercise thereof, power is inherent in them; and therefore all
just authority in the institutions of political society is derived from the
people, and established with their consent, to advance their
happiness; and they
may for this end, as circumstances require, from time to time,
alter their
Constitution of government.…Every
citizen of this State of the age of twenty-one years who shall have been
a resident thereof one year next preceding an election…shall
be entitled to vote at such election in the…district
of which he or she shall at the time be a resident…
All political power is inherent in the people. The enunciation herein of certain
rights shall not be construed to deny or impair others retained by the people.…All
natural persons, female and male alike, are equal before the law and have
inalienable rights, among which are the right to enjoy and defend life and
liberty, to pursue happiness, to
be rewarded for industry, and to acquire, possess and protect property; except
that the ownership, inheritance, disposition and possession of real property by
aliens ineligible for citizenship may be regulated or prohibited by law. No
person shall be deprived of any right because of race, religion, national
origin, or physical disability.…Every
citizen of the United States who is at least eighteen years of age and
who is a permanent resident of the state, if registered as provided by law,
shall be an elector of the county where
registered.
To
perpetuate the principles of free government, insure justice to all, preserve
peace, promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and of the family, and
transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty, we the people of Georgia,
relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God, do ordain and
establish this Constitution.…All
citizens of the United States, resident in this state, are hereby declared
citizens of this state; and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to
enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights,
privileges, and immunities due to such citizenship.…Every
person who is a citizen of the United States and a resident of Georgia as
defined by law, who is at least 18 years of age and not disenfranchised by this
article, and who meets minimum residency requirements as provided by law
shall be entitled to vote at any
election by the people.
We, the people of Hawaii, grateful for Divine
Guidance, and mindful of our Hawaiian heritage and uniqueness as an island
State, dedicate our efforts to fulfill the philosophy decreed by the Hawaii
State motto, "Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono." …
We reserve the right to control our destiny, to nurture the integrity of our
people and culture, and to preserve the quality of life that we desire. …
We reaffirm our belief in a government of the people, by the people and for the
people, and with an understanding and compassionate heart toward all the peoples
of the earth, do hereby ordain and establish this constitution for the State of
Hawaii. [Am Const Con 1978 and election Nov 7, 1978] … All
political
power of this State is inherent in the people and the responsibility for the
exercise thereof rests with the people.
All government is founded on this
authority. [Am Const Con 1978 and election Nov 7, 1978]…Every
citizen of the United States who shall have attained the age of eighteen
years, have been a resident of this State not less than one year next preceding
the election and be a voter registered as provided by law,
shall be qualified to vote in any state
or local election.
All men
are by nature free and equal, and have certain inalienable rights, among which
are enjoying and defending life and liberty; acquiring, possessing and
protecting property; pursuing happiness and securing safety.…All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for their
equal protection and benefit, and they have the right to
alter, reform or
abolish the same whenever they may deem it necessary; and no special privileges
or immunities shall ever be granted that may not be altered, revoked, or
repealed by the legislature.…Every male or female
citizen of the United States,
eighteen years old, who has resided in this state, and in the county where he or
she offers to vote for the period provided by law, if registered as provided by
law, is a qualified elector.
We, the People of the
State of Illinois … in order to … maintain a representative and orderly
government … assure legal, social and economic justice … do ordain and establish
this Constitution for the State of Illinois. …All men are by nature free and
independent and have certain inherent and inalienable rights among which are
life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness. To secure these rights and the
protection of property, governments are instituted among men, deriving their
just powers from the consent of the governed.…Every
United States citizen who has attained the age of 18 or any other voting
age required by the United States for voting in State elections and who has been
a permanent resident of this State for at least 30 days next preceding any
election shall have the right to vote at
such election.
TO THE END, that justice
be established, public order maintained, and liberty perpetuated; WE, the People
of the State of Indiana, grateful to ALMIGHTY GOD for the free exercise of the
right to choose our own form of government, do ordain this Constitution.…WE
DECLARE, That all people are created equal; that they are endowed by their
CREATOR with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and
the pursuit of happiness; that all power is inherent in the people; and that
all free governments
are, and of right ought to be, founded on their authority, and
instituted for their peace, safety, and well-being. For the advancement of these
ends, the people have, at all times, an indefeasible right to
alter and reform
their government.…All elections shall be free and equal.…A
citizen of the United States who is at least eighteen (18) years of age
and who has been a resident of a precinct thirty (30) days immediately preceding
an election may vote in that precinct at
the election.
All men and women
are, by nature, free and equal, and have certain inalienable rights--among which
are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and
protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining safety and
happiness.…All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for the
protection, security, and benefit of the people, and they have the right, at all
times, to alter or reform the same, whenever the public good may require it.…Every
citizen of the United States of the age of twenty-one years, who shall
have been a resident of this state for such period of time as shall be provided
by law and of the county in which he claims his vote for such period of time as
shall be provided by law, shall be
entitled to vote at all elections which are now or hereafter may be
authorized by law.
We, the people of Kansas,
grateful to Almighty God for our civil and religious privileges, in order to
insure the full enjoyment of our rights as American citizens, do ordain and
establish this constitution of the state of Kansas…All men are possessed of
equal and inalienable natural rights, among which are life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness.…All
political power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and are instituted for their equal protection and benefit.…Every
citizen of the United States who has attained the age of eighteen years
and who resides in the voting area in which he or she seeks to vote
shall be deemed a qualified elector.
We, the people of the
Commonwealth of Kentucky, grateful to Almighty God for the civil, political and
religious liberties we enjoy, and invoking the continuance of these blessings,
do ordain and establish this Constitution.…Absolute and arbitrary power over the
lives, liberty and property of freemen exists nowhere in a republic, not even in
the largest majority.…All
power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority and instituted for their peace, safety,
happiness and the
protection of property. For the advancement of these ends, they have at all
times an inalienable and indefeasible right to
alter, reform or abolish their
government in such manner as they may deem proper.…Every
citizen of the United States of the age of eighteen years who has resided
in the state one year, and in the county six months, and the precinct in which
he offers to vote sixty days next preceding the election,
shall be a voter in said precinct
and not elsewhere but the following persons are excepted and shall not have the
right to vote.
We, the people of Louisiana…desiring to protect individual rights to life,
liberty, and property…maintain a representative and orderly government…do ordain
and establish this constitution.…All
government, of right, originates
with the people, is founded on their will alone, and is instituted to protect the rights
of the individual and for the good of the whole. Its only legitimate ends are to
secure justice for all, preserve peace, protect the rights, and promote the
happiness and general welfare of the people.
The rights enumerated in this Article
are inalienable by the state and shall be preserved inviolate by the state.…Every
citizen of the state, upon reaching eighteen years of age,
shall have the right to register and
vote, except that this right may be suspended while a person is
interdicted and judicially declared mentally incompetent or is under an order of
imprisonment for conviction of a felony.
We the people of Maine, in order
to…promote our common welfare, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the
blessings of liberty…do ordain and establish the following Constitution for the
government of the same.…All power is inherent in the people;
all free governments
are founded in their authority and instituted for
their benefit;
they have therefore an unalienable and indefeasible right to institute
government, and to alter, reform,
or totally change the same, when their safety and
happiness require it.…Every
citizen of the United States of the age of 18 years and upwards,…having
his or her residence established in this State,
shall be an elector for Governor,
Senators and Representatives
That
all Government of right
originates from the People, is founded in compact only, and
instituted solely for the good of the whole; and they have, at all times, the
inalienable right to alter, reform or abolish their Form of Government in such
manner as they may deem expedient.…That the right of the People to participate
in the Legislature is the best security of liberty and the foundation of all
free Government; for this purpose, elections ought to be free and frequent; and
every citizen having the
qualifications prescribed by the Constitution,
ought to have the right of suffrage.
The end of the institution,
maintenance, and administration of government, is to secure the existence of the
body politic, to protect it, and to furnish the individuals who compose it with
the power of enjoying in safety and tranquillity their natural rights, and the
blessings of life: and whenever these great objects are not obtained, the people
have a right to
alter the government, and to take measures necessary for their safety,
prosperity
and happiness.…The body politic is formed by a voluntary association of
individuals: it is a social compact, by which
the whole people covenants with each
citizen, and each citizen with the whole people, that all shall be
governed by certain laws for the common good. It is the duty of the people,
therefore, in framing a constitution of government, to provide for an equitable
mode of making laws, as well as for an impartial interpretation, and a faithful
execution of them; that every man may, at all times, find his security in them.…All
elections ought to be free; and all the
inhabitants of this commonwealth, having such qualifications as they
shall establish by their frame of government,
have an equal right to elect officers,
and to be elected, for public employments.
We, the people of the State of Michigan, grateful to Almighty God for the
blessings of freedom, and earnestly desiring to secure these blessings
undiminished to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
constitution.… All political power is inherent in the people. Government is
instituted for their equal benefit, security and protection.…Every
citizen of the United States who has attained the age of 21 years, who
has resided in this state six months, and who meets the requirements of local
residence provided by law, shall be an
elector and qualified to vote in any election except as otherwise
provided in this constitution.…
We, the
people of the state of Minnesota, grateful to God for our civil and religious
liberty, and desiring to perpetuate its blessings and secure the same to
ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution.…Government is instituted for the security,
benefit and protection
of the people, in whom all political power is inherent, together with the right
to alter, modify or reform government whenever required by the public good.…Every
person 18 years of age or more who has been a
citizen of the United States for
three months and who has resided in the precinct for 30 days next preceding an
election shall be entitled to vote
in that precinct.
We, the
people of Mississippi in convention assembled, grateful to Almighty God, and
invoking his blessing on our work, do ordain and establish this
constitution.…All political power is
vested in, and derived from, the people;
all government of right
originates with the people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for the good of the whole.…All
persons, resident in this state, citizens of the United States, are hereby
declared citizens of the state of Mississippi.…Every
inhabitant of this state…who is a citizen of the United States of
America, eighteen (18) years old and upward, who has been a resident of this
state for one (1) year, and for one (1) year in the county in which he offers to
vote, and for six (6) months in the election precinct or in the incorporated
city or town in which he offers to vote, and who is duly registered as provided
in this article…is declared to be a
qualified elector, except that he shall be qualified to vote for
President and Vice President of the United States if he meets the requirements
established by Congress therefor and is otherwise a qualified elector.
That all political power is vested in and derived
from the people; that all
government of right originates
from the people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for the good
of the whole.… That all constitutional
government is intended to promote the general welfare of the people; that all
persons have a natural right to life, liberty, the
pursuit of happiness and the
enjoyment of the gains of their own industry; that all persons are created equal
and are entitled to equal rights and opportunity under the law; that to give
security to these things is the principal office of government, and that
when government does not confer this
security, it fails in its chief design.…That all elections shall be free
and open; and no power, civil or
military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right
of suffrage.
All
political power is vested in and derived
from the people. All government
of right originates with the
people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted
solely for the
good of the whole.…The public has the right to expect governmental agencies to
afford such reasonable opportunity for
citizen participation in the operation of the agencies prior to the final
decision as may be provided by law.…All elections shall be free and open, and
no power, civil or military, shall at
any time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
We, the people…do
ordain and establish the following declaration of rights and frame of
government, as the Constitution of the State of Nebraska.… All
persons are by nature free and independent, and have certain inherent and
inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, the
pursuit of happiness….
To secure these rights, and the protection of property,
governments are
instituted among people, deriving their just powers from the consent
of the
governed.…No person shall be deprived of life,
liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor be denied equal protection
of the laws.…All elections shall be
free; and there shall be no hindrance or impediment to the right of a qualified
voter to exercise the elective franchise.
All men are by Nature
free and equal and have certain inalienable rights among which are those of
enjoying and defending life and liberty; Acquiring, Possessing and Protecting
property and pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness[.]…All
political power is inherent in the people[.] Government is instituted for the protection,
security and benefit of the people; and they have the right to
alter or reform
the same whenever the public good may require it. But the Paramount Allegiance
of every citizen is due to the Federal Government in the exercise of all its
Constitutional powers as the same have been or may be defined by the Supreme
Court of the United States; and no power exists in the people of this or any
other State of the Federal Union to dissolve their connection therewith or
perform any act tending to impair[,] subvert, or resist the Supreme Authority of
the government of the United States. The Constitution of the United States
confers full power on the Federal Government to maintain and Perpetuate its existance [existence], and whensoever any portion of the States, or people
thereof attempt to secede from the Federal Union, or forcibly resist the
Execution of its laws, the Federal Government may, by warrant of the
Constitution, employ armed force in compelling obedience to its Authority.…All
citizens of the United States (not laboring under the disabilities named
in this constitution) of the age of eighteen years and upwards, who shall have
actually, and not constructively, resided in the state six months, and in the
district or county thirty days next preceding any election,
shall be entitled to vote for all
officers that now or hereafter may be elected by the people, and upon all
questions submitted to the electors at such election; provided, that no person
who has been or may be convicted of treason or felony in any state or territory
of the United States, unless restored to civil rights, and no person who has
been adjudicated mentally incompetent, unless restored to legal capacity, shall
be entitled to the privilege of an elector.
All men are born equally free and independent;
therefore, all government of right
originates from the people, is founded in consent, and instituted for the general good.…When men enter into a state
of society, they surrender up some of
their natural rights to that society, in order to
ensure the protection of
others; and, without such an equivalent, the surrender is void.…The
people of this state have the sole and exclusive right of governing themselves
as a free, sovereign, and independent state; and do, and forever hereafter
shall, exercise and enjoy every power, jurisdiction, and right, pertaining
thereto, which is not, or may not hereafter be, by them expressly delegated to
the United States of America in congress assembled.…All
elections are to be free, and every inhabitant of the state of 18 years of age
and upwards shall have an equal right to vote in any election.
All
persons are by nature free and independent, and have certain natural and
unalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and
liberty, of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and of
pursuing and
obtaining safety and happiness.…All political power is inherent in the people.
Government is instituted for the protection, security, and benefit of the
people, and they have the right at all times to
alter or reform the same,
whenever the public good may require it.…The
people reserve unto themselves the power to recall, after at least one year of
service, any elected official in this State or representing this State in the
United States Congress. Every
citizen of the United States, of the age of 18 years, who shall have been
a resident of this State and of the county in which he claims his vote 30 days,
next before the election, shall be
entitled to vote for all officers that now are or hereafter may be
elective by the people, and upon all questions which may be submitted to a vote
of the peoples.
The State of New Mexico
is an inseparable part of the Federal Union, and the Constitution of the United
States is the supreme law of the land.…All
political power is vested in and derived
from the people, all government
of right originates with the
people, is
founded upon their will and is instituted
solely for their good.…The people of
the state have the sole and exclusive right to govern themselves as a free,
sovereign and independent state.…All elections shall be free and open, and no
power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the free
exercise of the right of suffrage.…All elections shall be free and open, and no
power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the
free exercise of the right of suffrage.
No member of this state shall be disfranchised, or deprived of any of the rights
or privileges secured to any citizen thereof, unless by the law of the land, or
the judgment of his or her peers….Every citizen shall be entitled to vote at
every election for all officers elected
by the people and upon all questions submitted to the vote of the
people….All elections ought to be free; and no person by force of arms, malice,
menacing, or otherwise, should presume to disturb or hinder any citizen of this
state in the free exercise of the right
of suffrage.
That the great, general, and essential principles of liberty and free government
may be recognized and established, and that the relations of this State to the
Union and government of the United States and those of the people of this State
to the rest of the American people may be defined and affirmed, we do declare
that…We hold it to be self-evident that all persons are created equal; that they
are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these
are life, liberty, the enjoyment of the fruits of their own labor, and the
pursuit of happiness.…All political power is vested in and derived
from the people; all government
of right originates from the
people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for the good of the whole.…
Every person born in the United States
and every person who has been naturalized, 18 years of age, and
possessing the qualifications set out in this Article,
shall be entitled to vote at any
election by the people of the State, except as herein otherwise provided.
All individuals are by
nature equally free and independent and have certain inalienable rights, among
which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty; acquiring,
possessing and protecting property and reputation;
pursuing and obtaining safety
and happiness; and to keep and bear arms for the defense of their person,
family, property, and the state, and for lawful hunting, recreational, and other
lawful purposes, which shall not be infringed.…All
political power is inherent
in the people. Government is instituted for the protection, security and benefit
of the people, and they have a right to
alter or reform the same whenever the public good may require.…Every
citizen of the United States, who has attained the age of eighteen years
and who is a North Dakota resident,
shall be a qualified elector.…
All men are, by nature, free and independent, and have certain inalienable
rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty,
acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and
seeking and obtaining
happiness and safety.…All political power is inherent in the people. Government
is instituted for their equal protection and
benefit, and they have the right to
alter, reform, or abolish the same, whenever they may deem it necessary; and no
special privileges or immunities shall ever be granted, that may not be altered,
revoked, or repealed by the general assembly.…Every
citizen of the United States, of the age of eighteen years, who has been
a resident of the state, county, township, or ward, such time as may be provided
by law, and has been registered to vote for thirty days, has the qualifications
of an elector, and is entitled to vote
at all elections.
The State of Oklahoma is an
inseparable part of the Federal Union, and the Constitution of the United States
is the supreme law of the land.…All political power is inherent in the people;
and government is instituted for their protection, security, and benefit, and to
promote their general welfare; and they have the right to
alter or reform the
same whenever the public good may require it: Provided, such change be not
repugnant to the Constitution of the United States.…No
power, civil or military, shall ever interfere to prevent the
free exercise of
the right of suffrage by those entitled to such right.
We declare that all men,
when they form a social compact are equal in right: that all power is inherent
in the people, and all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for their peace, safety,
and
happiness; and they have at all times a right to
alter, reform, or abolish the
government in such manner as they may think proper.…Every
citizen of the United States is entitled to vote in all elections not
otherwise provided for by this Constitution if such citizen…
All power is inherent in
the people, and all free governments
are founded on their authority and
instituted for their peace, safety and happiness. For the advancement of these
ends they have at all times an inalienable and indefeasible right to
alter,
reform or abolish their government in such manner as they may think
proper.…Elections shall be free and equal; and no power, civil or military,
shall at any time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of
suffrage.…Elections shall be free and
equal; and no power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent
the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
In the
words of the Father of his Country, we declare that "the basis of our political
systems is the right of the people to make and
alter their
constitutions of government; but that the
constitution which at any time exists, till changed by an explicit and authentic
act of the whole people, is sacredly obligatory upon all." …All free governments
are instituted for the protection, safety, and
happiness of the people. All
laws, therefore, should be made for the good of the whole; and the burdens of
the state ought to be fairly distributed among its citizens.…Every
citizen of the United States of the age of eighteen years or over who has
had residence and home in this state for thirty days next preceding the time of
voting, who has resided thirty days in the town or city from which such citizen
desires to vote, and whose name shall be registered at least thirty days next
preceding the time of voting as provided by law,
shall have the right to vote for all
offices to be elected and on all questions submitted to the electors…
All
political power is vested in and derived
from the people only, therefore, they have the right at
all times to modify their form of government.…The privileges and immunities of
citizens of this State and of the United States under this Constitution shall
not be abridged…All elections shall be free and open, and every inhabitant of
this State possessing the qualifications provided for in this Constitution shall
have an equal right to elect officers and be elected to fill public office.…No
power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the
free exercise of the right of suffrage
in this State.
All men are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights,
among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring
and protecting property and the pursuit of happiness. To secure these rights
governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent
of the governed.…All political power is inherent in the people, and
all free government
is founded on their authority, and is instituted for their equal
protection and benefit, and
they have the right in lawful and constituted methods to
alter or reform their forms of
government in such manner as they may think proper. And the state of South Dakota is an inseparable
part of the American Union and the Constitution of the United States is the
supreme law of the land.…Elections shall
be free and equal, and no power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere
to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
That all power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for their peace, safety, and happiness; for the
advancement of those ends they have at all times, an unalienable and
indefeasible right to alter, reform, or abolish the government in such manner as
they may think proper.…That government being instituted for the
common benefit,
the doctrine of nonresistance against arbitrary power and oppression is absurd,
slavish, and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind.…The elections
shall be free and equal, and the right of suffrage, as hereinafter declared,
shall never be denied to any person entitled thereto….The
elections shall be free and equal, and the right of suffrage, as hereinafter
declared, shall never be denied to any person entitled thereto, except
upon a conviction by a jury of some infamous crime, previously ascertained and
declared by law, and judgment thereon by court of competent jurisdiction.
All political power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for their benefit. The faith of the people of
Texas stands pledged to the preservation of a republican form of government,
and, subject to this limitation only, they have at all times the inalienable
right to alter, reform or abolish their government in such manner as they may
think expedient.…Every person
subject to none of the disqualifications provided by Section 1 of this article
or by a law enacted under that section
who is a citizen of the United States and who is a resident of this State shall
be deemed a qualified voter….
All men have the
inherent and inalienable right to enjoy and defend their lives and liberties; to
acquire, possess and protect property; to worship according to the dictates of
their consciences; to assemble peaceably, protest against wrongs, and petition
for redress of grievances; to communicate freely their thoughts and opinions,
being responsible for the abuse of that right.…All political power is inherent in the people; and
all free governments
are founded on their authority for their equal protection and benefit, and they have the
right to alter or reform their government as the public welfare may require.…All
elections shall be free, and no power, civil or military, shall at any time
interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
Soldiers, in time of war, may vote at their post of duty, in or out of the
State, under regulations to be prescribed by law.
That
government is, or ought to be,
instituted for the
common benefit,
protection, and security of the people, nation, or community, and not for the particular emolument or advantage
of any single person, family, or set of persons, who are a part only of that
community; and that the community hath an indubitable, unalienable, and
indefeasible right, to reform or alter government, in such manner as shall be,
by that community, judged most conducive to the public weal.…That
all elections ought to be free and without corruption, and that all voters,
having a sufficient, evident, common interest with, and attachment to the
community, have a right to elect officers, and be elected into office,
agreeably to the regulations made in this constitution.
That
all
power is vested in, and consequently derived from, the people, that magistrates
are their trustees and servants, and at all times amenable to them.…That
government is, or ought to be,
instituted for the
common benefit,
protection, and security of the people, nation, or community; of all the various modes and
forms of government, that is best which is capable of producing the greatest
degree of happiness and safety, and is most effectually secured against the
danger of maladministration; and, whenever any government shall be found
inadequate or contrary to these purposes, a majority of the community hath an
indubitable, inalienable, and indefeasible right to reform,
alter, or abolish
it, in such manner as shall be judged most conducive to the public weal.…That
all elections ought to be free; and that all men, having sufficient evidence of
permanent common interest with, and attachment to, the community, have the right
of suffrage, and cannot be taxed, or deprived of, or damaged in, their property
for public uses, without their own consent, or that of their representatives
duly elected, or bound by any law to which they have not, in like manner,
assented for the public good.
All political power is inherent in the people, and
governments derive their just powers
from the consent of the governed, and are established to protect and
maintain individual rights.…All
Elections shall be free and equal, and no power, civil or military, shall at any
time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suffrage.
All power is
vested in, and consequently derived from, the people. Magistrates are their
trustees and servants, and at all times amenable to them.…Government is
instituted for the common benefit, protection and security of the people, nation
or community. Of all its various forms that is the best, which is capable of
producing the greatest degree of happiness and safety, and is most effectually
secured against the danger of maladministration; and when any government shall
be found inadequate or contrary to these purposes, a majority of the community
has an indubitable, inalienable, and indefeasible right to reform,
alter or
abolish it in such manner as shall be judged most conducive to the public weal.…The
citizens of the state shall be entitled to vote at all elections held within the
counties in which they respectively reside…
All people are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent
rights; among these are life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness; to secure
these rights,
governments are instituted, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed.…Every
United States citizen age 18 or older who is a resident of an election district
in this state is a qualified elector of that district.
All power is inherent in the people, and
all free governments
are founded on their authority, and instituted for their peace, safety and
happiness; for the
advancement of these ends they have at all times an inalienable and indefeasible
right to alter, reform or abolish the government in such manner as they may
think proper.…Every citizen of the
United States of the age of twenty-one years and upwards, who has resided
in the state or territory one year and in the county wherein such residence is
located sixty days next preceding any election,
shall be entitled to vote at such
election, except as herein otherwise provided.
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